Genotype-by-Environment interactions in Maize hybrids using GGE-biplot and AMMI model

Abstract

Evaluation of the productivity and performance of maize hybrid genotypes in variable environments is a basic demand for releasing varieties. The purpose of this research was to assess the yield, performance, and stability of maize hybrids and to identify suitable environments for maize production in Bangladesh. The maize hybrid Sunshine produced the highest yield (11.24 t ha^-1 to 12.85 t ha^-1) followed by Kaveri 60 (7.04 t ha^-1 to 12.72 t ha^-1). Genotype ×environment interaction effects have influential effects on the yield of maize hybrids. The sums of squares of GGE were found as 43.96% and 24.2%, respectively, for the principal component 1 (PC1) and principal component 2 (PC2), respectively. In the biplot polygon view, there were six rays that divided the biplot into six sectors and the six environmental locations were accommodated within four sectors. Jessore was determined as the typical test environment for the country followed by Bhurrirhut and Jamalpur. Ideal testing sites would provide information to identify the superior maize hybrids to minimize the expenses of the country. Considering the yield potentiality and stability, Sunshine, 9MS/S5-1×BIL-114 and, 9MS/S7-9×BIL-114 were found as the most stable and high yield producing hybrids across the six environmental conditions. Therefore, these three genotypes were identified as the best hybrids over the locations of Bangladesh.